Case File #0084
Sep 13, 2026 — 10 rounds, declassified. The fabrication in each is marked; the truth of all three follows. Play today's case →
- Round 1 SCIENCE
- ✓ TRUE
The gold in Earth's crust was likely forged in extreme cosmic events, such as colliding neutron stars, and delivered by ancient asteroid impacts.
TRUE. Heavy elements like gold form in rare, violent events and were later delivered to the surface.
- ✓ TRUE
Gold is so malleable that a single gram can be hammered into a sheet of about one square metre.
TRUE. Gold's extraordinary ductility allows a gram to be beaten into a remarkably thin, wide foil.
- ✗ FABRICATION
Gold is the densest naturally occurring element, heavier than osmium, iridium and platinum.
FALSE. Osmium and iridium are denser than gold; gold is very dense but not the densest element.
- ✓ TRUE
- Round 2 SCIENCE
- ✓ TRUE
Glass is made mainly from sand, which is melted at very high temperatures into a clear solid.
TRUE. Silica sand is the primary ingredient, melted and cooled into glass.
- ✗ FABRICATION
Bulletproof glass is really just one extremely thick pane of specially hardened crystal.
FALSE. It's actually layers of glass bonded with tough plastic like polycarbonate, which absorb and spread the impact.
- ✓ TRUE
Tempered glass breaks into small blunt pieces instead of sharp shards, due to internal stress from rapid cooling.
TRUE. Quick cooling locks in stresses that make the glass crumble into pebbles when it fails.
- ✓ TRUE
- Round 3 FOOD
- ✓ TRUE
Carrots were originally cultivated in colors like purple and yellow, with orange becoming common only later.
TRUE. Early domesticated carrots were purple and yellow; the familiar orange carrot rose to prominence centuries afterward.
- ✗ FABRICATION
Wild carrots were first domesticated for their sweet roots in ancient Egypt around the same time as wheat.
FALSE. Carrot domestication is centered on Central Asia far more recently, and early carrots were grown for leaves and seeds, not sweet roots.
- ✓ TRUE
Early carrot growing valued the plant's aromatic leaves and seeds before its root became the prize.
TRUE. Like related plants, the carrot was first useful for its foliage and seeds before selective breeding fattened the root.
- ✓ TRUE
- Round 4 SCIENCE
- ✓ TRUE
The Eiffel Tower can stand about 15 centimeters taller in summer, because its iron expands as it heats up.
TRUE. Metals expand when warmed, so the tower literally grows a bit in the summer sun.
- ✓ TRUE
Under certain conditions, hot water can freeze faster than cold water, an effect named after Erasto Mpemba.
TRUE. This counterintuitive Mpemba effect has been observed, though the exact reasons are still debated.
- ✗ FABRICATION
Metal feels colder than wood in the same room because metal naturally sits a few degrees below room temperature.
FALSE. Both are at the same temperature; metal only feels colder because it pulls heat from your hand much faster.
- ✓ TRUE
- Round 5 SPACE
- ✓ TRUE
Pluto was reclassified from a planet to a dwarf planet by the International Astronomical Union in 2006.
TRUE. A new definition of 'planet' left Pluto out, reassigning it as a dwarf planet.
- ✗ FABRICATION
Pluto has never been visited by a spacecraft because it lies too far away to be reached.
FALSE. NASA's New Horizons probe flew past Pluto in 2015, returning the first close-up images ever taken.
- ✓ TRUE
Pluto and its large moon Charon are tidally locked, permanently showing the same face to one another.
TRUE. They keep the same sides pointed at each other as they spin, an unusual mutual lock.
- ✓ TRUE
- Round 6 GEOGRAPHY
- ✓ TRUE
The Sahara is the world's largest hot desert, covering an area roughly comparable to the United States.
TRUE. The Sahara is the largest hot desert, about the size of the continental US.
- ✗ FABRICATION
The Sahara is the single largest desert on Earth, larger even than the continent of Antarctica.
FALSE. Antarctica is actually the largest desert on Earth; the Sahara is only the largest hot one.
- ✓ TRUE
Antarctica is classified as a desert because it receives extremely little precipitation.
TRUE. Despite the ice, Antarctica's very low precipitation makes it a desert by definition.
- ✓ TRUE
- Round 7 SCIENCE
- ✗ FABRICATION
Microwave ovens cook food from the inside out, heating the center before the surface warms up.
FALSE. Microwaves penetrate only a few centimeters and heat outer layers first; the center warms by conduction.
- ✓ TRUE
A microwave oven heats food mainly by making water molecules rotate rapidly, producing heat.
TRUE. The oscillating field flips water molecules back and forth, and that agitation generates the heat.
- ✓ TRUE
Metal in a microwave can throw sparks because the field drives currents that build up at sharp edges.
TRUE. Charges concentrate at points and edges, and the resulting arcing shows up as sparks.
- ✗ FABRICATION
- Round 8 NATURE
- ✓ TRUE
The salt in the ocean comes mainly from rocks on land, dissolved by rain and carried to the sea by rivers over millions of years.
TRUE. Weathering releases dissolved minerals that rivers steadily deliver to the ocean.
- ✓ TRUE
The Dead Sea is so salty that people float in it with almost no effort.
TRUE. Its extreme salt content makes the water much denser than a human body.
- ✗ FABRICATION
Adding salt to water makes it freeze at a higher temperature, which is why the sea ices over faster than a freshwater lake.
FALSE. Salt lowers the freezing point, so salty seawater freezes at a lower temperature than fresh water.
- ✓ TRUE
- Round 9 ANIMALS
- ✓ TRUE
A camel's hump stores fat, not water, and acts as an energy reserve the animal can metabolise.
TRUE. The hump is fatty tissue; it does not hold a reservoir of water.
- ✓ TRUE
Camels can close their nostrils and have long eyelashes plus a third eyelid to keep out blowing sand.
TRUE. These adaptations protect the eyes and airways in desert storms.
- ✗ FABRICATION
Camels store large reserves of water inside their humps, which is how they survive weeks without drinking.
FALSE. Their water conservation comes from physiology and behaviour, not a hump water tank — the hump is fat.
- ✓ TRUE
- Round 10 HISTORY
- ✗ FABRICATION
Ancient Sparta ran a powerful navy that dominated the Mediterranean and rivaled the Persian fleet at its height.
FALSE — Sparta was a land power built on its infantry; it was Athens that commanded the great Greek navy.
- ✓ TRUE
Sparta was known for a demanding, state-run military upbringing that shaped its male citizens from boyhood.
TRUE — the agoge trained Spartan boys for a life centered on soldiering.
- ✓ TRUE
At Thermopylae in 480 BC, a small Greek force under the Spartan king Leonidas held a narrow pass against Persia.
TRUE — Leonidas and his allies made a famous last stand at the pass.
- ✗ FABRICATION