Case File #0063

Aug 23, 2026 — 10 rounds, declassified. The fabrication in each is marked; the truth of all three follows. Play today's case →

  1. Round 1 ANIMALS
    • ✓ TRUE

      Sharks have existed longer than trees have grown on land.

      TRUE — early sharks appeared over 400 million years ago, before the first true forests spread across land.

    • ✓ TRUE

      Sharks can sense the faint electric fields of nearby prey using jelly-filled pores called the ampullae of Lorenzini.

      TRUE — these electroreceptors detect the tiny electrical signals given off by living muscle, even in murky water.

    • ✗ FABRICATION

      A shark's skeleton is made of lightweight hollow bones, like a bird's, to help it stay buoyant.

      FALSE — sharks have no bones at all; their skeleton is made of flexible, lighter-than-bone cartilage.

  2. Round 2 FOOD
    • ✗ FABRICATION

      Vanilla flavor comes from the seeds of a desert cactus native to the American Southwest.

      FALSE. Vanilla comes from the cured seed pods of orchids native to Mesoamerica, not from any cactus.

    • ✓ TRUE

      Vanilla is derived from the cured seed pods of orchids and was first cultivated in Mesoamerica.

      TRUE. The vanilla 'bean' is an orchid pod, and its cultivation began among Mesoamerican peoples.

    • ✓ TRUE

      For a long time vanilla was hard to grow outside its native range because it depended on specific pollinators.

      TRUE. Without its native pollinators, vanilla set little fruit abroad until hand-pollination was developed.

  3. Round 3 SCIENCE
    • ✗ FABRICATION

      Batteries go dead in the cold because low temperatures crack the internal metal plates.

      FALSE. Cold simply slows the chemical reactions inside, cutting output; the plates don't crack.

    • ✓ TRUE

      A battery makes electricity through chemical reactions that push electrons from one terminal to the other.

      TRUE. Chemical reactions at the electrodes drive electrons through the external circuit.

    • ✓ TRUE

      Rechargeable batteries work by using an external current to reverse the chemical reaction inside them.

      TRUE. Charging forces the reaction backward, restoring the battery to its energized state.

  4. Round 4 SPACE
    • ✓ TRUE

      Halley's Comet becomes visible from Earth roughly every 76 years, with its most recent appearance in 1986.

      TRUE. Its next return is expected around 2061, keeping to its long, predictable cycle.

    • ✗ FABRICATION

      A comet's tail always trails directly behind it along its path, streaming back like a rocket's exhaust.

      FALSE. A comet's tail points away from the Sun, driven by solar wind and radiation, even when the comet is moving away.

    • ✓ TRUE

      Comets are often nicknamed 'dirty snowballs' because they are made largely of ice mixed with dust and rock.

      TRUE. As they near the Sun the ice vaporizes, releasing the gas and dust that form their glowing tails.

  5. Round 5 HISTORY
    • ✓ TRUE

      The Rosetta Stone records one decree carved in three scripts, and comparing them let scholars finally decipher Egyptian hieroglyphs.

      TRUE — the Greek text was the key that unlocked the hieroglyphic and Demotic versions.

    • ✗ FABRICATION

      Napoleon Bonaparte was famously tiny for his era, standing only about five feet tall by the time he died.

      FALSE — Napoleon stood roughly 5'6"–5'7", average for his day; the 'short' myth came from confusing French and English inches.

    • ✓ TRUE

      Napoleon placed the crown on his own head when he was made Emperor of the French in 1804 at Notre-Dame.

      TRUE — he crowned himself rather than let the Pope do it, a deliberate statement of his own authority.

  6. Round 6 HISTORY
    • ✓ TRUE

      The Maya civilization developed a full writing system and strikingly accurate calendars across Mesoamerica.

      TRUE — Maya scribes recorded history in glyphs and tracked astronomical cycles precisely.

    • ✓ TRUE

      Maya cities such as Tikal featured towering stone pyramids, temples, and palaces rising above the forest.

      TRUE — Tikal's stepped pyramids still loom over the Guatemalan jungle.

    • ✗ FABRICATION

      The ancient Maya predicted the world would end in 2012, which is exactly why their long calendar simply stops there.

      FALSE — the Maya predicted no apocalypse; 2012 merely closed one long-count cycle, and the calendar rolls onward.

  7. Round 7 GEOGRAPHY
    • ✓ TRUE

      The Equator passes through Ecuador, a country whose name is Spanish for "equator."

      TRUE. Ecuador is named for the Equator, which runs through the country.

    • ✗ FABRICATION

      The Equator passes through the southern tip of India near the town of Kanyakumari.

      FALSE. The Equator does not reach India; the country's southern tip lies around eight degrees north of it.

    • ✓ TRUE

      The Equator crosses through parts of Brazil, including areas near the mouth of the Amazon.

      TRUE. The Equator runs across northern Brazil, near where the Amazon meets the sea.

  8. Round 8 FOOD
    • ✗ FABRICATION

      The browning of a seared steak is caused mainly by caramelization of the meat's own natural sugars.

      FALSE. Meat browning is mostly the Maillard reaction between amino acids and sugars; caramelization is a separate sugar-only process.

    • ✓ TRUE

      The Maillard reaction is a reaction between amino acids and reducing sugars that produces browning and new flavors.

      TRUE. This heat-driven reaction creates the savory flavors and brown color of roasted, seared, and baked foods.

    • ✓ TRUE

      Caramelization involves the breakdown of sugars alone and generally begins at higher temperatures than many Maillard reactions.

      TRUE. Caramelization is pure sugar breakdown and typically needs higher heat than protein-plus-sugar browning.

  9. Round 9 SPACE
    • ✓ TRUE

      Pluto was reclassified from a planet to a dwarf planet by the International Astronomical Union in 2006.

      TRUE. A new definition of 'planet' left Pluto out, reassigning it as a dwarf planet.

    • ✗ FABRICATION

      Pluto has never been visited by a spacecraft because it lies too far away to be reached.

      FALSE. NASA's New Horizons probe flew past Pluto in 2015, returning the first close-up images ever taken.

    • ✓ TRUE

      Pluto and its large moon Charon are tidally locked, permanently showing the same face to one another.

      TRUE. They keep the same sides pointed at each other as they spin, an unusual mutual lock.

  10. Round 10 GEOGRAPHY
    • ✗ FABRICATION

      Portugal shares land borders with both Spain and France on the European mainland.

      FALSE. Portugal's only land border is with Spain; it does not touch France.

    • ✓ TRUE

      Spain and Portugal together make up most of the Iberian Peninsula.

      TRUE. The Iberian Peninsula is shared mainly by Spain and Portugal.

    • ✓ TRUE

      France borders many more countries than Portugal does, including Spain, Italy, and Germany.

      TRUE. France shares land borders with numerous nations, among them Spain, Italy, and Germany.

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