Case File #0057
Aug 17, 2026 — 10 rounds, declassified. The fabrication in each is marked; the truth of all three follows. Play today's case →
- Round 1 NATURE
- ✓ TRUE
A Venus flytrap counts how many times its trigger hairs are touched, snapping shut only once it has been stimulated enough.
TRUE. It waits for repeated touches so it does not waste energy closing on a false alarm.
- ✓ TRUE
Venus flytraps are native to a small coastal region of North and South Carolina in the United States.
TRUE. In the wild they grow only in a limited bog habitat in the Carolinas.
- ✗ FABRICATION
Venus flytraps catch insects mainly for the meat, which they need to survive the way animals do.
FALSE. They make their own food by photosynthesis; trapped insects supply nutrients like nitrogen missing from their poor soil.
- ✓ TRUE
- Round 2 SPACE
- ✓ TRUE
Jupiter's Great Red Spot is a colossal storm that has been observed raging for at least a couple of centuries.
TRUE. This anticyclone is wide enough to swallow Earth and has persisted through generations of observation.
- ✗ FABRICATION
Jupiter has exactly four moons, all of them discovered by Galileo Galilei in 1610.
FALSE. Galileo found the four largest moons, but Jupiter is now known to have dozens more, over ninety in total.
- ✓ TRUE
Jupiter is so massive that the balance point it shares with the Sun lies just outside the Sun's surface.
TRUE. The Sun and Jupiter orbit a common center of mass that sits slightly above the Sun's visible edge.
- ✓ TRUE
- Round 3 LANGUAGE
- ✓ TRUE
The dot placed above a lowercase 'i' and 'j' has its own name: it is called a 'tittle'.
TRUE. 'Tittle' means a tiny mark, and it survives in the phrase 'jot and tittle'.
- ✓ TRUE
The Hawaiian alphabet is one of the world's shortest, using only about thirteen letters in total.
TRUE. It has five vowels and eight consonants (counting the glottal-stop okina), so many sounds are spelled with very few letters.
- ✗ FABRICATION
The symbol '&' is called the ampersand, a name taken from a Parisian printer, Andre Amper, who introduced it into French type in the 1730s.
FALSE. 'Ampersand' is a slurring of the schoolroom phrase 'and per se and', once recited at the end of the alphabet; no printer named Amper is involved.
- ✓ TRUE
- Round 4 GEOGRAPHY
- ✓ TRUE
Canada's capital is Ottawa, a city selected as the seat of government by Queen Victoria in the 1850s.
TRUE. Queen Victoria picked Ottawa as capital in 1857, a compromise between English and French Canada.
- ✗ FABRICATION
Turkey's capital is Istanbul, the country's largest city, which uniquely straddles two continents.
FALSE. Turkey's capital is Ankara. Istanbul is the largest city and does span two continents, but it isn't the capital.
- ✓ TRUE
Istanbul sits on both the European and Asian sides of the Bosphorus strait.
TRUE. The Bosphorus splits the city, so Istanbul genuinely lies on two continents.
- ✓ TRUE
- Round 5 LANGUAGE
- ✓ TRUE
In written Spanish, questions and exclamations are marked at both ends of the sentence, with an inverted mark at the start and an upright one at the close.
TRUE. The opening inverted marks signal the sentence type before you read it.
- ✓ TRUE
Mandarin Chinese is a tonal language, so one syllable can carry entirely different meanings depending on the pitch pattern used to say it.
TRUE. Standard Mandarin has four main tones plus a neutral one, and tone changes meaning.
- ✗ FABRICATION
The word 'alphabet' was built by combining the names of the first two letters of the Latin alphabet, 'a' and 'b'.
FALSE. It comes from 'alpha' and 'beta', the first two letters of the Greek alphabet, not Latin ones.
- ✓ TRUE
- Round 6 FOOD
- ✓ TRUE
Carrots were originally cultivated in colors like purple and yellow, with orange becoming common only later.
TRUE. Early domesticated carrots were purple and yellow; the familiar orange carrot rose to prominence centuries afterward.
- ✗ FABRICATION
Wild carrots were first domesticated for their sweet roots in ancient Egypt around the same time as wheat.
FALSE. Carrot domestication is centered on Central Asia far more recently, and early carrots were grown for leaves and seeds, not sweet roots.
- ✓ TRUE
Early carrot growing valued the plant's aromatic leaves and seeds before its root became the prize.
TRUE. Like related plants, the carrot was first useful for its foliage and seeds before selective breeding fattened the root.
- ✓ TRUE
- Round 7 ANIMALS
- ✓ TRUE
Some wood frogs survive winter by letting much of their body freeze nearly solid, then thawing back to life in spring.
TRUE — they flood their tissues with natural antifreeze-like sugars, stop their heart, and revive when they thaw.
- ✓ TRUE
A frog's tongue is attached at the front of its mouth, letting it flip far outward to snatch insects.
TRUE — the front-hinged tongue can be launched forward much farther than a rear-anchored one could.
- ✗ FABRICATION
Frogs have no teeth at all and crush their prey with strong muscular lips before swallowing.
FALSE — most frogs do have small teeth on the upper jaw, and many use their retracting eyeballs, not their lips, to help push food down.
- ✓ TRUE
- Round 8 GEOGRAPHY
- ✓ TRUE
Lake Baikal in Siberia is the deepest lake in the world and holds about a fifth of all unfrozen surface fresh water.
TRUE. It plunges more than 1,600 metres and holds around 20 percent of the world's surface fresh water.
- ✓ TRUE
Lake Baikal is so old and isolated that it hosts many species found nowhere else, including a unique freshwater seal.
TRUE. The Baikal seal is the world's only exclusively freshwater seal.
- ✗ FABRICATION
Lake Baikal is a saltwater sea connected to the ocean, which is why seals are able to live there.
FALSE. Baikal is a freshwater lake far inland; its seals are adapted to fresh water, not an ocean connection.
- ✓ TRUE
- Round 9 LANGUAGE
- ✓ TRUE
The letter 'e' is the most commonly used letter in written English.
TRUE. In typical English text, 'e' appears far more often than any other letter.
- ✓ TRUE
Words such as 'rhythm' and 'syzygy' contain no standard vowel letters (a, e, i, o, u) at all.
TRUE. Both are spelled using only the letter 'y' where a vowel sound is needed.
- ✗ FABRICATION
There is a single official English word that everyone agrees is the longest word in the language.
FALSE. There is no universally agreed longest word; the answer depends on how you define a word and which dictionary you consult.
- ✓ TRUE
- Round 10 ANIMALS
- ✓ TRUE
Sharks have existed longer than trees have grown on land.
TRUE — early sharks appeared over 400 million years ago, before the first true forests spread across land.
- ✓ TRUE
Sharks can sense the faint electric fields of nearby prey using jelly-filled pores called the ampullae of Lorenzini.
TRUE — these electroreceptors detect the tiny electrical signals given off by living muscle, even in murky water.
- ✗ FABRICATION
A shark's skeleton is made of lightweight hollow bones, like a bird's, to help it stay buoyant.
FALSE — sharks have no bones at all; their skeleton is made of flexible, lighter-than-bone cartilage.
- ✓ TRUE