Case File #0056

Aug 16, 2026 — 10 rounds, declassified. The fabrication in each is marked; the truth of all three follows. Play today's case →

  1. Round 1 ANIMALS
    • ✓ TRUE

      Some ants can carry objects many times their own body weight, and ants can link their bodies into living rafts to survive floods.

      TRUE. Ants are famously strong for their size and will interlock into floating, water-resistant rafts.

    • ✓ TRUE

      Ants communicate mainly through chemical signals called pheromones, laying scent trails that lead nestmates to food.

      TRUE. A forager leaves a pheromone trail that other ants follow and reinforce.

    • ✗ FABRICATION

      Ants are solitary insects that meet only briefly to mate before going their separate ways.

      FALSE. Ants are among the most social animals on Earth, living in colonies of thousands or millions with divided labour.

  2. Round 2 NATURE
    • ✓ TRUE

      A single cumulus cloud can weigh hundreds of tonnes, yet it floats because that mass is spread thinly across an enormous volume of air.

      TRUE — the water is dispersed as tiny droplets, so the cloud's density stays close to the surrounding air.

    • ✗ FABRICATION

      Snow is always white because it is made of frozen white ice crystals.

      FALSE — ice is actually clear; snow looks white because light scatters off the many surfaces of countless tiny crystals.

    • ✓ TRUE

      No two snowflakes are structurally identical, because each one grows along a unique path of temperature and humidity.

      TRUE — the branching pattern records the exact conditions the flake passed through, making duplicates effectively impossible.

  3. Round 3 ANIMALS
    • ✓ TRUE

      Hummingbirds can hover in place and are the only birds capable of sustained backward flight.

      TRUE — their figure-eight wingstroke generates lift on both the forward and backward sweep, enabling true backward flight.

    • ✗ FABRICATION

      Tiny hummingbirds survive long migrations by riding on the backs of larger geese for part of the journey.

      FALSE — this is an old folk myth; hummingbirds fly entirely under their own power, and ruby-throated ones cross the Gulf of Mexico nonstop.

    • ✓ TRUE

      A hummingbird's heart can beat more than 1,000 times per minute during vigorous activity.

      TRUE — heart rates well over 1,000 beats per minute support their extreme metabolism.

  4. Round 4 SCIENCE
    • ✓ TRUE

      Ice floats because water is unusual: it expands and grows less dense when it freezes.

      TRUE. Water's crystal structure spreads molecules apart, so ice is lighter than liquid water.

    • ✗ FABRICATION

      The Coriolis effect decides which way water swirls down your bathroom drain in each hemisphere.

      FALSE. At a sink's scale the Coriolis force is far too weak; basin shape and initial motion decide the swirl.

    • ✓ TRUE

      Salt lowers the freezing point of water, which is why it's scattered on icy roads in winter.

      TRUE. Dissolved salt makes water freeze at a lower temperature, helping melt road ice.

  5. Round 5 GEOGRAPHY
    • ✓ TRUE

      Lake Baikal in Siberia is the deepest freshwater lake in the world.

      TRUE. Baikal is the deepest freshwater lake, plunging over 1,600 metres.

    • ✗ FABRICATION

      Lake Victoria in Africa is the deepest lake on Earth, dropping more than 1,600 metres at its centre.

      FALSE. Lake Victoria is quite shallow (around 80 m); Baikal is the deepest lake, not Victoria.

    • ✓ TRUE

      Lake Baikal holds roughly a fifth of the world's unfrozen fresh surface water.

      TRUE. Baikal alone contains about 20% of Earth's unfrozen fresh surface water.

  6. Round 6 HISTORY
    • ✓ TRUE

      The Black Death tore through Europe in the mid-1300s, killing a very large share of the continent's population.

      TRUE — the plague killed tens of millions, perhaps a third or more of Europeans.

    • ✗ FABRICATION

      During the Black Death, physicians correctly blamed fleas on rats and quarantined the animals to halt the spread.

      FALSE — medieval doctors had no idea fleas or rats carried the disease; the flea-rat link was only understood in the 1890s.

    • ✓ TRUE

      The word 'quarantine' comes from the Italian for forty days, the period ships were once held in isolation.

      TRUE — Venetian-era ports isolated arriving ships for forty days as a plague precaution.

  7. Round 7 NATURE
    • ✓ TRUE

      Auroras are triggered when charged particles streaming from the Sun collide with gases high in Earth's atmosphere.

      TRUE — Earth's magnetic field funnels these particles toward the poles, where they energize the upper-atmosphere gases.

    • ✗ FABRICATION

      The green in an aurora comes from sunlight reflecting off ice crystals high in the atmosphere.

      FALSE — the green light is emitted by oxygen atoms that were energized by incoming particles, not reflected sunlight.

    • ✓ TRUE

      Auroras occur on other planets too, including Jupiter and Saturn.

      TRUE — any planet with a magnetic field and an atmosphere can host auroras, and gas giants show powerful ones.

  8. Round 8 HISTORY
    • ✓ TRUE

      The Maya civilization developed a full writing system and strikingly accurate calendars across Mesoamerica.

      TRUE — Maya scribes recorded history in glyphs and tracked astronomical cycles precisely.

    • ✓ TRUE

      Maya cities such as Tikal featured towering stone pyramids, temples, and palaces rising above the forest.

      TRUE — Tikal's stepped pyramids still loom over the Guatemalan jungle.

    • ✗ FABRICATION

      The ancient Maya predicted the world would end in 2012, which is exactly why their long calendar simply stops there.

      FALSE — the Maya predicted no apocalypse; 2012 merely closed one long-count cycle, and the calendar rolls onward.

  9. Round 9 FOOD
    • ✗ FABRICATION

      The browning of a seared steak is caused mainly by caramelization of the meat's own natural sugars.

      FALSE. Meat browning is mostly the Maillard reaction between amino acids and sugars; caramelization is a separate sugar-only process.

    • ✓ TRUE

      The Maillard reaction is a reaction between amino acids and reducing sugars that produces browning and new flavors.

      TRUE. This heat-driven reaction creates the savory flavors and brown color of roasted, seared, and baked foods.

    • ✓ TRUE

      Caramelization involves the breakdown of sugars alone and generally begins at higher temperatures than many Maillard reactions.

      TRUE. Caramelization is pure sugar breakdown and typically needs higher heat than protein-plus-sugar browning.

  10. Round 10 SPACE
    • ✗ FABRICATION

      Black holes act as cosmic vacuum cleaners, actively pulling in any matter within several light-years of them.

      FALSE. A black hole's gravity behaves like any other mass; you could orbit one safely from a distance, as planets orbit stars.

    • ✓ TRUE

      The first direct image of a black hole's shadow was released in 2019, showing the giant one in galaxy M87.

      TRUE. The Event Horizon Telescope combined dishes worldwide to capture the glowing ring around it.

    • ✓ TRUE

      Not even light can escape from within a black hole's event horizon, the boundary of no return.

      TRUE. Past that boundary, escape velocity exceeds the speed of light, so nothing gets back out.

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